Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4)

 Sulfuric Acid, H2SO4


Sulfuric Acid
Sulfuric Acid

Introduction


·        Sulfuric acid (with the chemical formula H2SO4) is an extremely corrosive strong mineral acid with molecular weight 98.079 g/mol.
·         it's generally noted as the “king of chemicals” as a result of it's made worldwide in such massive quantities. The use of acid has been taken as one index of the technical development of a state.
·        It's a colorless, odorless, very corrosive liquid that's soluble in water at all concentrations.
·         The historical name of this acid is Oil of Vitriol.
 Concentrated acid has a very strong affinity for water. it's typically used as a drying agent and may be used to dehydrate several compounds.


History

  • Sulfuric acid was known as "oil of vitriol" as a result of it absolutely was produced by roasting "green vitriol" (iron(II) sulfate) in an iron retort.
  • Within the 17th century, chemist Johann Glauber produced the acid by burning sulfur together with potassium nitrate, KNO3, in presence of steam.At this method, KNO3 decomposes and oxidizes the sulfur to SO3, which combines with water to make the acid. In 1736, Joshua Ward used this way to start the primary large-scale production of the acid.

  •  In 1831, Peregrine Phillips invented the contact method that was a much more economical method for manufacturing SO3 and concentrated sulfuric acid. Today, nearly all of the world's sulfuric acid is made using this process.


Uses of Sulfuric Acid



Sulfuric Acid world capacity by region 2012
Sulfuric Acid world capacity by region 2012 

Sulfuric acid is one of the main significant chemicals in chemical industries. More of it is manufactured every year than is produced by any other created chemical. It offers widely uses and makes some roles in the manufacture and development of practically all chemical created goods.

Sulfuric Acid world capacity by country, 2012
Sulfuric Acid world capacity by country, 2012

  • The main use of sulfuric acid is in the manufacture of the basic kinds of fertilizers, such as superphosphate of lime and ammonium sulfate.
  • It is also used in the production of some chemicals, like producing some acids such as hydrochloric acid (HCl), nitric acid (HNO3), fabricated detergents, dyes and pigments, sulfate salts, explosives, and some drugs.
  •  It can be used in petroleum refining to clean pollutants out of refinery petroleum products.
  •  It can also be used in processing metals, like in acetification (cleaning) of iron and steel before plating them with tin or zinc.
  •   It acts as the electrolyte in the lead-acid storage battery commonly used in cars and other motor vehicles (battery acid).
Global Sulfuric Acid demand by application


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